Although being pregnant is a joyful time, there can be difficulties along the way. Although most pregnancies are uneventful, some women may encounter difficulties that could have an impact on both their own and their unborn child’s health. Being aware of these possible problems will help you be more prepared and help you decide when to get medical treatment. This blog by a top gynae specialist in rohini will discuss common pregnancy issues, their meanings, and management options. This information is essential to know whether you’re expecting, planning to be, or are just enquiring. 

Why do complications arise in pregnancy?

Lower blood flow can cause the foetus to grow more slowly and increase the mother’s risk of premature labour and preeclampsia. Pregnant women with high blood pressure will need to keep an eye on it and manage it during their pregnancy, maybe with medication. In the first trimester, miscarriages account for more than 80% of cases. Hyperemesis gravidarum (HG): During pregnancy, HG is characterised by intense and ongoing vomiting. It may result in excessive weight loss or dehydration.

Different complications during pregnancy

These are the different kinds of complications during pregnancy:

Gestational Diabetes: Gestational diabetes is defined as diabetes that develops for the first time during pregnancy. Gestational diabetes, like other types of diabetes, changes how your cells use sugar (glucose). Gestational diabetes produces high blood sugar levels, which can harm your pregnancy and your baby’s health.

Preeclampsia: Preeclampsia is a high blood pressure (hypertension) disease that can develop during pregnancy. Other problems can occur, too: Gestational hypertension is defined as high blood pressure that develops after 20 weeks of pregnancy without renal or other organ issues. Some women with gestational hypertension can develop preeclampsia.

Preterm Labour: Preterm labour occurs after 20 weeks and before 37 weeks of gestation. There are two types of preterm labour: early and late. Early preterm labour begins before 33 weeks gestation, while late preterm labour occurs between 34 and 36 weeks gestation.

Placenta Previa: Placenta previa is a pregnancy condition in which the placenta develops in the lower region of the womb (uterus) and covers all or part of the cervix opening. Throughout pregnancy, the placenta grows and feeds the developing baby. The cervix is the entry into the birth canal.

Miscarriage: A miscarriage is the abrupt loss of a pregnancy before the 20th week. Approximately 10% to 20% of confirmed pregnancies result in miscarriage. However, the actual number is most certainly larger. This is because many miscarriages occur before a person realises they are pregnant.

Ectopic Pregnancy: An ectopic pregnancy happens when a fertilised egg implants and grows outside of the uterus’s main cavity. Ectopic pregnancy most commonly develops in a fallopian tube, which transports eggs from the ovaries to the uterus. This type of ectopic pregnancy is known as a tubal pregnancy.

Hyperemesis Gravidarum: Hyperemesis gravidarum is defined as intractable vomiting during pregnancy, which causes weight loss and volume depletion, resulting in ketonuria and/or ketonemia. There is no agreement on exact diagnostic criteria, although it often refers to the end of the spectrum for nausea and vomiting during pregnancy.

Infections: Infections durin pregnancy are infections caused by microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, or fungi, which can harm both the mother and the baby. Common infections include urinary tract infections (UTIs), bacterial vaginosis, and sexually transmitted diseases (STIs) such as chlamydia and gonorrhoea. These infections can cause difficulties such as preterm labour, low birth weight, and infections in the newborn after birth. Pregnant women should receive regular check-ups and follow their doctor’s advice to avoid and treat infections and have a healthy pregnancy.

Anaemia: Four types of anaemia can occur during pregnancy: pregnant anaemia, iron deficiency anaemia, vitamin B-12 deficiency, and folate insufficiency. Anaemia may prevent your baby from reaching a healthy weight. Your kid may potentially arrive prematurely or with a low birth weight.

Foetal Growth Restriction (FGR): Foetal growth restriction (FGR) is commonly described as an estimated foetal weight less than the 10th percentile for gestational age based on prenatal ultrasound examination. The illness is connected with a range of short- and long-term problems, all of which can have a negative influence on quality of life.

Preventive measures for complications during pregnancy

Infection prevention during pregnancy is essential for the health of both the mother and the baby. Here are some basic preventative measures:

• Practise proper hygiene by washing your hands frequently with soap and water, particularly before eating and after using the restroom.
• Stay up to date on vaccinations: Consult your doctor about vaccines recommended during pregnancy, such as flu and whooping cough shots.
• Avoid harmful behaviours: To avoid STIs, practice safe sex and do not share personal objects such as towels or toothbrushes.
• Eat healthily and remain active: A nutritious diet and frequent exercise can help your immune system.
• Attend prenatal appointments: Regular check-ups allow your doctor to monitor your health and discover infections earlier.
• Stay informed. Learn about illnesses and their symptoms, and don’t hesitate to consult your pregnancy doctor if you have any concerns.

Following preventive steps can significantly minimise the risk of illnesses during pregnancy, resulting in a healthier experience for both mother and baby. Simple efforts such as maintaining excellent cleanliness, staying up to date on vaccines, and attending frequent prenatal appointments can make a significant difference. Always keep educated, and if you have any concerns, call your doctor right away. Prioritising your health is essential for a healthy and successful pregnancy. If you found this material useful, please share it with other expecting mothers and return to our site regularly for additional tips and advice on a safe pregnancy.